- St. Augustine was the first permanent European settlement in what is now the United States. It was founded in 1565 by Pedro Menéndez de Avilés and served as the capital of Spanish Florida for nearly 200 years.
- Pensacola was founded in 1698 by Andrés de Arriola. It was a strategic military outpost that helped the Spanish to control the Gulf of Mexico.
- San Marcos de Apalache was founded in 1633 by Franciscan missionaries. It was a mission that served the Apalachee Indians and helped the Spanish to expand their control over Florida.