How were the drives for independence in Mexico and Brazil different?

* Causes:

- Economic grievances: Mexico was a colony of Spain and paid high taxes. The Spanish also discriminated against Mexicans in terms of jobs and education.

- Political grievances: Mexicans were not allowed to participate in the government.

- Social grievances: The Spanish social system was highly stratified and Mexicans were at the bottom.

- Cultural grievances: The Spanish tried to suppress Mexican culture.

* Leaders:

- Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla

- José María Morelos y Pavón

- Agustín de Iturbide

* Events:

- 1810: Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a Catholic priest, led a rebellion against Spanish rule.

- 1813: José María Morelos y Pavón, a lawyer, took over the leadership of the rebellion.

- 1821: Agustín de Iturbide, a Mexican military officer, declared Mexico's independence from Spain.

Brazil:

* Causes:

- Economic grievances: Brazil was a colony of Portugal and Portuguese merchants paid less taxes than Brazilian merchants.

- Political grievances: Brazilians were not allowed to participate in the government.

- Cultural grievances: The Portuguese tried to suppress Brazilian culture.

* Leaders:

- Dom Pedro I

* Events:

- 1822: Dom Pedro I, the prince regent of Brazil, declared Brazil's independence from Portugal.