Why Orphans Were Transported with Convicts to New South Wales

Reasons:

1. Labor: Cheap workforce for agriculture, manufacturing, construction.
2. Social reform: Remove children from British workhouses/poverty.
3. Population control: Alleviate British overcrowding.
4. Education/training: Apprenticeships in colony.
5. Family reunification: Join relatives already transported.

Controversial; ended early 19th century as attitudes shifted.