• Atolls: Coral reefs that surround a lagoon but lack visible
above-sea land
• Reef islands: Emerged remnants of coral reefs
• Volcanic islands: Emerged lava deposits over volcanic peaks,
formed when the Earth’s tectonic plates push one plate, usually oceanic,
back over the subduction zone to a lower level, usually back under
continental
• Continental Islands: Parts of continental plates, sometimes separated from the mainland
Continents:
• Australia