Bhopal's Lakes: The City of Lakes' 7 Major Water Bodies

Bhopal, capital of Madhya Pradesh, earns its "City of Lakes" epithet with seven major artificial lakes—most created by medieval dams across seasonal streams.

The Major Lakes

LakeLocal NameOrigin / EraArea / Notes
Upper LakeBhojtal / Bada Talab11th c. – Raja Bhoj dam on Kolans River31 km²; primary water supply; RAMSAR site
Lower LakeChhota Talab1794 – Nawab Chhote Khan dam1.29 km²; connected to Upper via spillway
Shahpura Lake–20th c. – urban reservoir0.8 km²; jogging track, boating
Van Vihar Lake–Within Van Vihar National ParkWildlife viewing, boat rides
Kerwa Dam / ReservoirKerwa1970s – Kerwa River damWater supply + monsoon waterfalls; picnic spot
Kolar Dam / ReservoirKolar1980s – Kolar River damMajor supply source; 35 km from city
Hathaikheda DamHathaikheda2000sNewer supply augmentation

Ecology & Management

  • Upper Lake: eutrophication from sewage/ag runoff → deweeding, aeration, constructed wetlands.
  • Bhoj Wetland (Upper + Lower) = RAMSAR site #1319 (2002) – sarus crane, migratory waterfowl.
  • Bhopal Municipal Corporation + MP Pollution Control Board + Bhoj Wetland Authority share jurisdiction.

Beyond the Big Seven

Dozens of smaller tanks (talabs) dot the city—remnants of 1,000+ traditional rainwater harvesting structures. Revival efforts underway (Amrit Sarovar mission).

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