Scientists have studied coastal ecosystems to more fully understand how they impact our lives. They are regions of high biological productivity. They host the world's ports of commerce. They provide fish, shellfish and seaweed for human use. Coastal ecosystems are also one of the world's largest sources of fertilizer, household products, cosmetics and construction materials.
According to Bill Moyers Reports, in 1995, 39 percent of the world's population lived within 62 miles of a coastline. Millions more visit coastlines on vacation every year. In addition to the food and beauty they provide, coastlines act as filtration systems. They naturally maintain marine water quality by filtering pollutants from inland water sources. They help protect our shorelines from erosion. Mangroves, wetlands and sea grasses along coastlines help break down pollutants and control pathogens. Coastal ecosystems provide protection from storms and storm surges.
Development and other related activities along Earth's coastlines continue to threaten our coastal ecosystems. The World Resources Institute estimates that 34 percent of the world's coastal ecosystems are at high risk of potential degradation. Human modification of shorelines can increase the risk from storm surges. Breakdown of coastlines would certainly contribute to a breakdown in quality of life for all of us.
