Hilton Head Island Population: 41,751 (2021 Census Estimate)

As of July 1, 2021, the U.S. Census Bureau estimates Hilton Head Island, South Carolina has a population of 41,751.

Population Context

• 2020 Census: 37,661 (official count)
• 2010 Census: 37,099
• Growth rate: ~1.2% annually (2010–2020)
• Seasonal fluctuation: Population swells 2–3x in summer (tourists, second-home owners)

Demographic Profile

• Median age: 56.9 (one of nation's oldest)—retirement destination
• Racial composition: 87% White, 7% Black, 4% Hispanic, 1% Asian, 1% multiracial
• Income: Median household ~$85,000; per capita ~$55,000 (well above SC average)
• Education: >50% bachelor's degree+ (high for SC)

Unique Character

Hilton Head's demographics reflect its identity as a master-planned resort/retirement community (developed from 1950s by Charles Fraser). Strict zoning preserves nature (no billboards, buried utilities, tree protection), attracting affluent retirees and seasonal residents. The Gullah/Geechee community (descendants of enslaved Africans) maintains cultural presence on the island's north end.

For latest estimates, visit census.gov.