Tribal Rivalry: The northern tribes of Israel felt marginalized and underrepresented by the dominance of the tribe of Judah in the central government located in Jerusalem. They believed that the southern tribes had unfairly benefited from the resources and wealth of the united kingdom.
Economic Disparities: The northern kingdom was primarily agricultural and less economically developed compared to the southern kingdom, which benefited from trade and commerce due to its proximity to the Mediterranean Sea and international trade routes. This economic disparity led to resentment among the northern tribes.
Religious Conflicts: The northern kingdom established its own religious centers and worshipped at sanctuaries other than the Temple in Jerusalem. This deviated from the centralized worship practiced in Judah and contributed to religious differences and tensions.
Political Power Struggle: Jeroboam, a former official of Solomon, was chosen by the northern tribes to lead the newly formed kingdom. Jeroboam sought to consolidate his power and establish his own dynasty, which further strained the relationship with the southern kingdom.
Influence of Egypt and other Neighboring Powers: Both kingdoms were influenced by neighboring powers, such as Egypt and Aram (Syria), which played a role in shaping their foreign policies and allegiances. These external influences further exacerbated the divisions between the two kingdoms.
