Plant Life of the Pacific Temperate Rainforest

Lush Layers of Green

Canopy Trees

• Sitka spruce
• Douglas fir
• Western red cedar
• Western hemlock
• Pacific silver fir
• Grand fir
• Noble fir
• Coast redwood (southern range)

Shrub Layer

• Salal
• Oregon grape
• Red & blue huckleberry
• Sitka alder
• Red elderberry

Herbaceous Understory

• Sword fern, bracken, lady fern, deer fern
• Trillium, clintonia, foamflower, wild ginger, bleeding heart

Mosses & Liverworts

• Sphagnum, feather moss, haircap moss
• Marchantia, Frullania liverworts

High rainfall, mild temperatures, and nutrient‑rich soils create one of Earth's most productive forest ecosystems.