During this time, Egypt experienced a period of great prosperity and power, and two main factors contributed to its wealth:
- Conquests and Tributary States:
The pharaohs of the New Kingdom expanded Egypt's territories and influence through military conquests and the establishment of tributary states. This brought enormous wealth in the form of tribute, plundered resources, and control over trade routes.
Conquered lands provided Egypt with access to valuable natural resources, such as gold, silver, copper, lapis lazuli, and ebony.
- Extensive Trade and Commerce:
The New Kingdom marked a period of flourishing trade and commerce both within Egypt and with neighboring regions. Egypt exported its surplus grain, papyrus, linen, and other goods, and imported luxury items, including spices, incense, and exotic materials from Nubia, Syria-Palestine, and the Aegean region.
The Nile River, which served as a vital waterway, facilitated trade between different parts of Egypt and with foreign lands, contributing significantly to the country's wealth.