What is the definition to surface currents?

Surface currents are horizontal water movements that occur at or near the surface of the ocean. They are caused by several factors, including the large-scale circulation of ocean currents, local wind patterns (Ekman currents), and variations in water density resulting from temperature and salinity differences. Surface currents play a crucial role in distributing heat, nutrients, and plankton around the ocean and influence marine ecosystems, weather patterns, and ship navigation.