Ohio Teen Driver Restrictions: Learner's Permit → Provisional → GDL

Ohio's Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) system phases in privileges for drivers <18.

Phase 1: Learner's Permit (Temp Permit) – Age 15½+

• Requirements: Vision + knowledge test; parent/guardian co-sign.
• Restrictions: Must carry permit. Supervised only – licensed driver ≥21 in front seat. All occupants belted. No phone use.
• Practice: 50 hrs (10 night) logged before next phase.
• Duration: Hold 6 months minimum.

Phase 2: Probationary License – Age 16+

• Requirements: Pass driving skills test.
• Restrictions (first 12 months):
  • No driving midnight–6 AM (except work/school/emergency w/ doc).
  • No more than 1 non-family passenger <18 (unless parent/guardian present).
  • All occupants belted.
  • No mobile device use (hands-free OK for 18+; <18 = none).
• After 12 months clean: Restrictions lift (except phone <18).

Phase 3: Full License – Age 18

• Automatic upgrade if probationary held 12+ months, no violations.
• Or: 18 + pass tests (if skipped GDL).

Penalties

• Moving violation during probation → extend restrictions 6 months / retest.
• OVI (DUI) <21: Zero tolerance (0.02% BAC).
• License suspension for school dropout (until 18 or diploma).

Why It Works

GDL reduces 16–17yo fatal crashes ~30% (IIHS). Ohio's midnight/passenger limits are key.

Parents: Enforce beyond law. The car is not a right.