Harriet Tubman (c. 1822–March 10, 1913) was an African-American abolitionist, humanitarian, and Union spy during the American Civil War. Born into slavery in Maryland, Tubman escaped to Philadelphia in 1849 and, subsequently, made 13 missions to rescue approximately 70 enslaved people, including family and friends, using the network of antislavery activists and safe houses known as the Underground Railroad.
A devout Christian, Tubman said she was guided by visions from God. During the Civil War, she served the Union Army as a nurse, scout, and spy. In her later years, she was an active suffragette.
