Cannon Projectile Weights: From Pounds to Hundreds

Projectile weight depended on cannon caliber and type:

TypeDescriptionTypical Weight Range
Solid shotSolid iron/stone ball4 lb (light field gun) – 200+ lb (siege gun)
Explosive shellHollow, powder-filled, fused10 lb – 300+ lb
Canister/grapeshotCan of small iron balls10–50 lb (container + balls)
Chain/bar shotTwo balls linked (anti-rigging)12–24 lb per ball

Naming convention: A "12-pounder" fired a 12-lb solid shot. Larger siege mortars threw 13-inch shells weighing 200 lb.

Weight dictated range, penetration, and crew size. By the late 19th century, rifled breech-loaders standardized on heavier, aerodynamic shells.

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