Gujarat, Pakistan, and Islamabad: Three Completely Different Entities

The question conflates a Indian state, a country, and a capital city. Here's the clarification:

Gujarat

• What: State in western India.
• Capital: Gandhinagar.
• Population: 60.4M (2021).
• Language: Gujarati.
• Religion: Hindu majority (~89%).
• Economy: Industrial powerhouse (petrochemicals, textiles, pharma, ports).

Pakistan

• What: Sovereign country in South Asia.
• Capital: Islamabad.
• Population: 240M (2023).
• Languages: Urdu (national), English (official), Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashto, Balochi.
• Religion: Muslim majority (~96%).

Islamabad

• What: Capital city of Pakistan (since 1960s, replaced Karachi).
• Location: Pothohar Plateau, north Punjab, at Margalla Hills foothills.
• Area: 906 km² (350 sq mi) — small for a capital.
• Population: 1.2M (city), 4.5M (metro).
• Character: Planned, green, high literacy, diplomatic/enclave zones, government/military hub.

Key Differences at a Glance

Bottom line: Gujarat is in India. Pakistan is a country. Islamabad is Pakistan's capital. They share history (partition) but are distinct politically, culturally, administratively.