A seatbelt extender is a small device that fits in the palm of your hand and extends the overall length of your seatbelt. Many airlines offer this service free of charge to passengers and you also have the option to purchase an extender and carry it with you.
In 2009 United Airlines started a new policy that required certain passengers to purchase an extra seat or move into two seats. This includes passengers who require more than one seatbelt extender and anyone who doesn't comfortably fit into a single seat.
Check with your specific airline before flying and ensure that seatbelt extenders are available. You can also ask about the length of the seatbelts, to see if you'll have any potential problems.