The body can survive without food for many days; it cannot go more than three days without water. Food and water should be rationed; water should be consumed in the cool of the evening whenever possible. Pack more than you require when planning a survivalist excursion. A stranded human should observe the types of plants animals eat. Consuming very small portions -- at first -- is always recommended. Avoid plants you do not recognize. Boil water to kill bacteria.
The ability to create fire is necessary for survival in terms of cooking. It also provides warmth, light and comfort, and might aid in alerting rescue teams. A fire prevents predators from getting too close. Bring matches and newspaper on your trips; these help set kindling alight.
Shelter is essential to the survivalist. It provides protection against severe cold, extreme heat, wind, rain, snow and some animals. Dress in layers whenever possible. Wear long sleeves, a hat and boots into which pant legs can be tucked. Construct a simple lean-to by leaning large branches and flat wood against a sturdy tree. Space blankets and tarps provide extra insulation and protection.
A knowledge of first aid basics -- and signaling techniques -- are requirements for survivalists. It is essential that a person lost in the wilderness take time to stop, think about and observe his surroundings. A logical course of action -- such as building a fire -- increases the odds of survival. Create a small first-aid kit filled with gauze bandages, antiseptics and poultices that stop bleeding. Signal for help using mirrors, whistles and smoke signals.
