Mapping the Nile River: The World's Longest Waterway Through Northeastern Africa

The Nile River flows over 6,600 kilometers (4,100 miles) northward through northeastern Africa to the Mediterranean Sea. Its basin covers 3 million square kilometers and supports over 400 million people. Key cities along its course include:

• Cairo, Egypt – Capital, on the Nile Delta
• Alexandria, Egypt – Major port near the Delta
• Aswan, Egypt – Site of the High Dam
• Khartoum, Sudan – Confluence of the Blue and White Niles
• Juba, South Sudan – On the White Nile

The Nile has been the lifeline of Egyptian and Sudanese civilizations for millennia, enabling agriculture, transport, and trade.