- Rising global temperatures are melting ice sheets, causing rapid sea-level rise.
- Ocean acidification from increased CO2 absorption is harmful to marine life.
Overfishing
- Illegal and unregulated fishing deplete essential food sources for marine animals.
- Reduction of krill populations affects wildlife survival and biodiversity.
Pollution
- Plastic waste and contaminants accumulate, threatening wildlife.
- Climate-warming soot settles on snow, accelerating ice melt.
Ozone Depletion
- Thinning ozone layer allows more harmful UV radiation, damaging marine life.
Tourism and Research Disturbance
- Unmanaged visits harm fragile ecosystems and habitats.
- Disturbances to scientific research and penguin colonies.
Overexploitation of Non-living Resources
- Unsustainable mineral and fuel extraction can damage Antarctica.