Climate of Svalbard: Arctic Tundra Conditions

Svalbard has a tundra climate (ET) moderated by the Gulf Stream:

• Winter (Nov–Feb): Avg −14 °C (7 °F); polar night late Oct–mid‑Feb.
• Summer (Jun–Aug): Avg 6 °C (43 °F); midnight sun mid‑Apr–late Aug.
• Precipitation: ~200 mm/year (low, mostly snow).

Rapid weather shifts, strong winds, and permafrost are constants. The relatively mild temps for its latitude support unique flora/fauna.