1. Early Life and Background:
Jayavarman II was born in 770 CE in what is now Cambodia. He belonged to a powerful family and was recognized early for his intelligence and leadership skills.
2. Independence and Expansion:
In the early 9th century, Jayavarman II was dissatisfied with the domination of Java over the region and sought independence. He led a successful military campaign against Java and established his own kingdom in 802 CE, freeing the region from Javanese influence.
3. Foundation of the Angkor Empire:
After successfully asserting independence, Jayavarman II turned his attention to consolidating his power and expanding his territory. He conquered several neighboring regions and established the Angkor Empire, which covered much of present-day Cambodia, parts of Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam. Angkor became the capital of the empire, and Jayavarman II ruled as the paramount king.
4. Building Program:
Jayavarman II was a great builder and initiated numerous construction projects. He embarked on a massive architectural campaign that produced magnificent temples, including Phnom Kulen and Preah Ko. Angkor Wat, one of the world's most famous temples, was built during a later period of the Khmer empire but reflects the architectural style initiated by Jayavarman II.
5. Religious Significance:
Jayavarman II introduced a new religious concept called "Devaraja," which considered the king a divine ruler with god-like status. This notion of divine kingship was influenced by Hindu beliefs and became a central feature of the Angkor Empire.
6. Legacy:
Jayavarman II is considered one of the greatest Cambodian monarchs. He laid the foundation for the prosperity, cultural achievements, and regional dominance that characterized the Angkor Empire. His reign ushered in a golden age of Khmer civilization and left a lasting legacy that still resonates in Cambodia and Southeast Asia today.
