- The printing press: The oldest surviving example of a book printed with moveable metal type is
Jikji, published in Korea in 1377, predating the Gutenberg Bible by 78 years.
- Paper money: The first paper currency was issued in China during the Tang Dynasty (618–907).
- Gunpowder: Gunpowder originated in China as early as the 9th century. The earliest reference to a formula for gunpowder is found within a Chinese alchemical text from the first century B.C.