Versatile, sustainable, earthquake-resistant; widely used in Southeast Asia.
Teak, rosewood, bamboo; traditional and modern construction.
Fired brick common in India, Bangladesh, Pakistan; durable, thermally efficient, fire-resistant.
Mountainous regions; sturdy, durable, good insulation.
Reinforced concrete dominant in urban areas; strong, durable, earthquake-resistant.
Rural/developing areas; low-cost, sustainable, good thermal insulation (cob, adobe).
Tropical/subtropical roofs; shade, weather protection.
Corrugated sheets for roofs/walls in informal/temporary structures.
Material choice reflects climate, culture, resource availability, and socioeconomic conditions—traditional in rural areas, modern in cities.