French Indochina: Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia

French Indochina was the colonial federation in Southeast Asia comprising three territories:

1. Vietnam (divided into Tonkin, Annam, Cochinchina)
2. Laos
3. Cambodia

Established gradually from 1858–1893, it lasted until the First Indochina War (1946–54) and the 1954 Geneva Accords, which granted independence to all three. The subsequent Vietnam War (1955–75) further shaped the region.

Today, the term "Indochina" is used geographically/culturally for the mainland Southeast Asian peninsula (sometimes including Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia).