The Laotian Civil War (1953–1975) between the communist Pathet Lao and the royalist government was part of the First Indochina War and the Vietnam War. The 1975 Pathet Lao victory led to the establishment of the communist Lao People's Democratic Republic.
The Laotian Civil War was fought concurrently with the Vietnam War. Laos shares borders with Vietnam and the two countries have a long and complex history. During the Vietnam War, Laos was used as a supply route for North Vietnam and was heavily bombed by the United States.
After the Vietnam War, Laos remained isolated and under communist rule. In the 1980s, Laos began to open up to the outside world and relations with Vietnam improved.
In the 1990s, Laos became a member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and has since experienced rapid economic growth.
Laos has been involved in a number of conflicts with its neighbors, including Thailand and Cambodia. The most recent conflict was the Laotian-Thai War in 1987-1988.
Laos has a population of about 7 million people and is one of the poorest countries in the world. The economy is based on agriculture, forestry, and mining. Laos has been making progress in reducing poverty and improving living standards, but the country still faces a number of challenges, including corruption, drug trafficking, and unexploded ordnance.