What are some differences between Afghanistan and Kazakhstan?

- Afghanistan is an Islamic Republic, while Kazakhstan is a unitary republic.

- Afghanistan has a presidential system, while Kazakhstan has a semi-presidential system.

- Afghanistan is a member of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), while Kazakhstan is a member of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).

Economy:

- Afghanistan's economy is heavily dependent on agriculture, with poppy cultivation being a significant source of income. Kazakhstan's economy is more diversified, with a strong focus on oil and gas production.

- Afghanistan has a relatively low GDP per capita, while Kazakhstan has a relatively high GDP per capita.

- Afghanistan is a least developed country (LDC), while Kazakhstan is an upper-middle-income country.

Social indicators:

- Afghanistan has a high infant mortality rate and a low life expectancy, while Kazakhstan has a low infant mortality rate and a high life expectancy.

- Afghanistan has a low literacy rate, while Kazakhstan has a high literacy rate.

- Afghanistan has a relatively high poverty rate, while Kazakhstan has a relatively low poverty rate.

Ethnic groups:

- Afghanistan is a multiethnic country, with the Pashtuns being the largest ethnic group. Kazakhstan is also a multiethnic country, with the Kazakhs being the largest ethnic group.

- Afghanistan has a number of ethnic minorities, including the Hazaras, Tajiks, Uzbeks, and Turkmens. Kazakhstan also has a number of ethnic minorities, including the Russians, Ukrainians, Germans, and Tatars.

Religion:

- Afghanistan is a Muslim majority country, with Sunni Islam being the dominant religion. Kazakhstan is also a Muslim majority country, with Sunni Islam being the dominant religion.

- Afghanistan has a small number of religious minorities, including Hindus, Sikhs, and Christians. Kazakhstan also has a small number of religious minorities, including Christians, Jews, and Buddhists.