The capital and largest city of Turkmenistan is Ashgabat, which is located in the southern part of the country. Other major cities include Mary, Turkmenabat, and Dashoguz. Turkmenistan is a former Soviet republic, and gained its independence in 1991. The country is ruled by a authoritarian government, and is known for its strict control over the media and freedom of expression.
Turkmenistan is a rich in natural resources, including oil, gas, and minerals. The country's economy is largely based on the export of these resources. Turkmenistan is also a major producer of cotton, wheat, and livestock.
The culture of Turkmenistan is influenced by its Persian, Turkic, and Russian heritage. The country's official language is Turkmen, and the majority of the population is Muslim. Turkmenistan is a secular state, and freedom of religion is guaranteed by the constitution.