With a bounty of ancient artwork, sculptures and temple ruins, the ancient settlement called Kainar makes visitors feel like they've stepped into the Middle Ages. Archaeological digs that began in 1946 have uncovered a citadel, palace and temples, as well as decorated markets, homes and workshops. Seemingly an artistically-focused community, painted murals and carved statues tell viewers much about the life of these ancient Central Asian people.
Kainar Ancient Settlement
Penjikent
Tajikistan
As of 2010, archaeologists were still uncovering evidence of what may be the oldest settlement in Central Asia--the Sarazm Settlement, which dates back to 4000 B.C. and is called the "Pompeii of Central Asia." Revealing an astounding level of organization and planning, this ancient city has already yielded a temple with a round altar, public buildings and homes. Evidence indicates that early dwellers exported gold and silver dredged up from the Zeravshan River in this ore-mining center. A place of palaces and residential homes, the site continues to serve up objects made of bronze, copper and gold, as well as jewelry and armor.
Sarazm Settlement
Penjikent
Tajikistan
The final resting place of Muslihiddin Khudjandi, the ruler of Khujand and a 12th-century poet, this mausoleum was rebuilt after the invasion of the Mongols in the 14th century and again in the 16th century. Today, the complex consists of a mosque, minaret and the ancient burial chamber that still holds the remains of this rumored miracle-worker. A draw for pilgrims and history buffs, the historical layers of architecture and events here make it a must-see for area visitors.
Mausoleum of Sheikh Muslihiddin
Khujand
Tajikistan
Dating back to the 16th century, this mausoleum for the "Greatest Master" is believed to be the resting place of a leader named Hodzha Mohammed Hajvoki, but there is no confirming evidence of this. This classic domed structure has stood the test of time and keeps its secret as to who inspired the building. It contains no embellishments or paintings to hint at its occupant.
Mausoleum of Makhdumi Azam
Hissar
Tajikistan
A breathtaking monument and focal point for Dushanbe residents, this arched gateway is the symbol of freedom and rebirth for a once-oppressed country. A seemingly ever-changing monument, the symbolic statue central to the piece has been replaced three times. While under Soviet rule, monument featured the likeness of Lenin. In the 1990s, that was replaced with a statue of Ferdowsi, a revered poet. As of 2010, the central statue was one of Ismail Samani, the founder of the Samanid dynasty of the 9th and 10th centuries.
Ozodlik Square (Freedom Square)
Dushanbe
Tajikistan
Instantly recognizable in the main square, this relatively new monument was built in 1978 to honor the 100th anniversary of the birth of the highly respected writer for which it is named. This stone and bronze monument highlights some of the most famous characters from "The Father of Tajik literature's" work, including novels and poems written both in Tajik and Russian.
Sadriddin Aini Monument
Dushanbe
Tajikistan
Truly the stuff of legend, this 17th-century fortress with towering turrets amid a mountainous landscape blended the necessities of war with the gentle touches of home and hearth. Featuring gun-site holes along the outer perimeter and a pool and garden behind the walls, this location is also home to two giant plane trees that have watched over this fort for the last 700 years. The museum located just outside the fortress walls displays period clothing, jewelry and pottery.
Hissar Fortress
Dushanbe
Tajikistan
