Three independent lines of evidence confirm Australia's Gondwanan heritage:
Ancient rock magnetizations in Australia align with those in Africa, South America, Antarctica, and India—indicating these continents shared the same latitude and orientation when joined as Gondwana.
Identical or closely related fossil taxa appear on now-separated Gondwanan landmasses: Glossopteris flora, marsupial mammals, lungfish, and specific dinosaur clades.
Mountain belts match across continents: Australia's Great Dividing Range correlates with the Transantarctic Mountains and South America's Andes—same orogeny, now sundered by seafloor spreading.
Together, these data make the Gondwana connection one of the best-supported reconstructions in plate tectonics.