The thylacine, the Tasmanian tiger, was once a major predator of Tasmanian devils, but there have no confirmed Thylacine sightings since the 1930s, so Thylacines are presumed to be extinct.
Wedge-tailed eagles are known to hunt Tasmanian devils at times. Also, Tasmanian devils are known to occasionally kill and eat their own young. Disease and wildfires also threaten Tasmanian devils.