Quebec's Oil Imports: From Alberta, US, and Saudi Arabia

Quebec produces no oil and imports 100% of its supply. Primary sources: Western Canada (Alberta, Saskatchewan) via pipeline (Enbridge Line 9, Trans Mountain) and rail; United States (North Dakota, Texas, Gulf Coast) by pipeline, rail, and tanker; Saudi Arabia and other overseas suppliers via tanker to Quebec City and Montreal refineries.

Quebec's two refineries (Valero/Jean-Gaulin in Lévis, Suncor in Montreal) process ~400,000 bpd combined. The province seeks to reduce oil dependence via electrification (transport, heating), but current infrastructure and contracts maintain diverse import streams. Energy East pipeline cancellation (2017) limited western Canadian access.