New Caledonia is an island in Oceania that produces 25% of the world's nickel. It is a French overseas territory located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, about 1,200 miles (2,000 kilometers) northeast of Australia. New Caledonia is about the size of New Jersey and has a population of about 270,000 people. The island's economy is based on mining, agriculture, and tourism. Nickel is the most important mineral mined in New Caledonia, and it is used to produce stainless steel, batteries, and other products.