How Jamaica's Legislative Government Works

Parliament of Jamaica: Structure & Lawmaking

Jamaica is a constitutional monarchy with a bicameral Parliament modeled on Westminster.

Composition

• Senate (Upper House): 21 appointed senators
  • 13 on PM's advice (incl. 2 from opposition nominations)
  • 8 on Opposition Leader's advice
• House of Representatives (Lower House): 63 elected MPs (single-member constituencies, 5-year term)

Legislative Powers

• Make, amend, repeal laws
• Levy taxes, authorize borrowing, approve budget
• Impeach PM or Cabinet ministers (both chambers must pass motion)

Legislative Process

1. Bill introduced in House (usually by minister)
2. Debated, amended, voted in House
3. Sent to Senate: can pass, amend, or reject
4. If amended/rejected → House decides: accept, insist, or drop
5. Deadlock → Governor-General may summon joint sitting; majority of both chambers passes bill
6. Royal Assent (Governor-General) → Law

Key Features

• Money bills originate only in House; Senate cannot amend
• Senate is revising chamber—rarely blocks government bills
• Strong party discipline; government usually controls House

Parliament sits at Gordon House, Kingston. The Mace symbolizes royal authority.