The Caddo Homeland: The Southern Plains and Woodlands

The Caddo were a confederacy of tribes whose historic territory centered on the Red River Valley, spanning what are now four states: Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Louisiana. Their influence extended into parts of Kansas and Mississippi.

They were distinguished by advanced agricultural practices (cultivating maize, beans, squash), sophisticated pottery with intricate designs, and expert basketry. Their complex society featured large, permanent villages with ceremonial mounds, reflecting a rich cultural heritage long before European contact.

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