Armenia is located in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia. It is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran to the south.
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The earliest evidence of human settlement in Armenia dates back to the Paleolithic era. The first Armenian kingdom was established in the 6th century BC by the Urartians. The kingdom was later conquered by the Medes and then the Persians. In the 4th century BC, Armenia was conquered by Alexander the Great. After Alexander's death, Armenia became a satrapy of the Seleucid Empire. In the 2nd century BC, the Artaxiad dynasty was established and Armenia became an independent kingdom. The Artaxiad dynasty ruled Armenia until the 1st century AD when the country was conquered by the Roman Empire. Armenia was later ruled by the Byzantine Empire and the Sassanid Empire. In the 7th century AD, Armenia was conquered by the Arab Caliphate. In the 9th century AD, the Bagratuni dynasty was established and Armenia became an independent kingdom again. The Bagratuni dynasty ruled Armenia until the 11th century AD when the country was conquered by the Seljuk Turks. In the 12th century AD, Armenia was conquered by the Mongols. In the 14th century AD, Armenia was conquered by the Ottoman Turks. In the 16th century AD, Armenia was divided between the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid Empire. In the 19th century AD, Armenia was conquered by the Russian Empire. Armenia became an independent republic in 1991.
