- People: All regions have people living in them. The number of people living in a region can vary greatly, from a few hundred to several million. The density of population can also vary greatly, from very dense urban areas to very sparse rural areas.
- Resources: All regions have natural resources, such as land, water, minerals, and forests. The availability of these resources can vary greatly from region to region, and can have a significant impact on the development of a region.
- Climate: All regions have a climate, which is determined by factors such as latitude, altitude, and proximity to the ocean. The climate of a region can have a significant impact on the types of plants and animals that live there, as well as the way people live.