Four Major Global Vegetation Regions

1. Tropical Rainforest – Near equator; high heat, rain, humidity; dense canopy, immense biodiversity (Amazon, Congo, SE Asia).
2. Temperate Deciduous Forest – Mid-latitudes; moderate temps, seasonal rain; trees shed leaves in winter (Eastern US, Europe, parts of China, NZ).
3. Grasslands – Moderate rain, variable temps; grass-dominated, few trees (N. American Plains, Pampas, Eurasian Steppe).
4. Desert – Very low precipitation, high heat; sparse, drought-adapted vegetation (Sahara, Arabian, Atacama).

Boundaries are gradual, influenced by climate, altitude, geography.