Who is a historical figure in national history?

* Born: July 18, 1918

* Died: December 5, 2013

* Occupation: Anti-apartheid activist, politician, philanthropist

* Known for: Leading the movement to end apartheid in South Africa and becoming the country's first black president

Nelson Mandela was born into the Thembu royal family in Mvezo, South Africa. He studied law at the University of Fort Hare and became involved in anti-colonial politics. In 1943, he joined the African National Congress (ANC) and quickly rose through the ranks.

In the 1950s, Mandela and the ANC launched a campaign of civil disobedience against apartheid, the system of racial segregation that was in place in South Africa. In 1962, he was arrested and sentenced to life in prison.

Mandela spent 27 years in prison, but he never gave up his fight for justice. He became a symbol of the anti-apartheid movement, and his release from prison in 1990 was a major turning point in South Africa's history.

In 1994, Mandela was elected president of South Africa in the country's first multi-racial elections. He served one five-year term as president, during which time he worked to promote reconciliation between blacks and whites.

After his presidency, Mandela continued to be an advocate for peace and justice around the world. He received numerous awards, including the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993. He died in Johannesburg in 2013 at the age of 95.

Nelson Mandela was a towering figure in world history. He was a courageous leader, a tireless advocate for justice, and an inspiration to people around the world. His legacy will continue to inspire people for generations to come.