Albania is positioned in Southeastern Europe on the western Balkan Peninsula. Its territory spans latitudes 40° to 43° North and longitudes 19° to 21° East. The capital, Tirana, sits at approximately 41.33°N, 19.82°E.
Albania shares land borders with four countries: Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, North Macedonia to the east, and Greece to the south. Its western coastline stretches along the Adriatic and Ionian Seas, providing direct maritime access to the Mediterranean. Across the Adriatic, Italy lies roughly 70 km (43 miles) west at the narrowest point. This strategic position at the crossroads of the Adriatic and the Balkans has shaped Albania's history as a corridor for trade, migration, and cultural exchange between Central Europe and the Mediterranean world.