What are the formal regions of Europe?

* Countries: Belarus, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, and Ukraine

Northern Europe

* Countries: Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, and Sweden

Southern Europe

* Countries: Albania, Andorra, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Kosovo, Malta, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Portugal, San Marino, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, and Vatican City

Western Europe

* Countries: Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland, Luxembourg, Monaco, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom