The Ottoman Empire was a state that existed from the early 14th century to the early 20th century. The Ottoman Empire was founded by Osman I, a Turkic chieftain, and expanded to become one of the largest empires in history. The Ottoman Empire controlled much of the Balkans, Western Asia, and North Africa at its peak in the 16th and 17th centuries.
The Ottoman Empire invaded Bulgaria in the 14th century and the Bulgars were conquered by the Ottomans in 1396. The Ottomans ruled Bulgaria for nearly five centuries, until the country gained independence in 1878.