The capital city of Italy and one of the most historic places in Europe, Rome attracts travelers from all over the world. With its world-class art, food, wine and cultural attractions, Rome is popular with travelers of all ages and all budgets. The city is known for winning over even the most jaded of visitors, and is charming at any time of the year.
Rome is classified as one of the most important cities in world history. Although it no longer serves as the center of government and commerce for Western Europe, Rome is still an important part of world history and culture. Rome was founded between 750 B.C. and 650 B.C. and experienced a series of rulers before becoming a republic around 500 B.C. Under the rule of many great emperors, Rome became the center of a massive empire. The peak of the Roman Empire was presided over by the Emperor Augustus, and Rome was a hub of trade, culture and business. The rise of Christianity combined with a variety of governmental, military, financial woes and other factors cause the great city to fall around the third century. As it rebuilt through the ages, Rome has been home to many great artists, orators and governmental figures.
During its time of glory, Rome was a major center of government and commerce. Roman engineers are renowned for their road system and clever use of arches and aqueducts. Today, Rome is a popular destination for travelers from around the globe who come to view its art and historical sites and to enjoy its spectacular food and wine. It is also a major center of Catholicism; the Vatican City is located in the heart of Rome and is home to the Pope and other high-ranking Catholic clergy.
Rome is located near the Mediterranean Sea, in the Italian province of Lazio. The city is split by the Tiber River, which runs roughly north to south. At one point, Rome was surrounded by a long wall east of the river; now, only remnants of the original wall remain.
Among the most famous features of Rome are the Colosseum, the Forum, the Pantheon and the Circus Maximus. Visitors also come to see the great architecture of St. Peter's Cathedral, and to view the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican Museum. The city is also a hub for lovers of religious history, and many original frescoes can still be found on the walls of churches throughout Rome.
Rome has produced a number of famous citizens. Arguably the most well-known is Julius Caesar, who was known for his brilliant military strategy and love affair with queen Cleopatra of Egypt. Other famous Romans include first emperor Augustus, Constantine the Great and Nero, who allowed Rome to burn under his watch and subsequently blamed and punished Christians for the blaze.
