- Po Valley, Italy: The Po Valley is a densely populated region in northern Italy that is known for its high levels of air pollution, particularly particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emitted by industrial activities, vehicle emissions, and agriculture.
- Paris, France: Paris has significant traffic-related air pollution due to the high number of vehicles, exacerbated by the city's geography and the prevalence of diesel cars.
- Madrid, Spain: The Spanish capital faces air quality challenges, mainly due to traffic emissions and geographical conditions that can trap pollution.
Water Pollution:
- Black Sea: The Black Sea is heavily polluted due to various factors such as industrial discharges, agricultural runoff, sewage, and oil spills from ship traffic.
- Adriatic Sea: The Adriatic Sea is affected by pollution from industrial activities, agricultural runoff, and plastic waste, particularly near coastal urban centers.
Land Pollution:
- Donetsk Basin, Ukraine: The Donetsk Basin, an industrial region in eastern Ukraine, has experienced severe land pollution due to heavy industry, mining activities, and inadequate waste management practices.
- Industrial Areas in the Ruhr Valley, Germany: Some industrial areas in the Ruhr Valley face challenges related to soil contamination from historical industrial activities and waste disposal.
