Mediterranean Countries Without the Euro: 3 + 1 Disputed

Non-Euro Mediterranean Nations

Of 21 Mediterranean sovereign states, only three don't use the euro:

1. Albania – Albanian lek (ALL)
2. Bosnia and Herzegovina – Convertible mark (BAM)
3. Kosovo – Euro used de facto but not official EU member; no issuing rights

Special Case

Northern Cyprus (TRNC) – Turkish lira (TRY); recognized only by Turkey; de facto state.

Euro Users (18)

Spain, France, Monaco, Italy, Malta, Slovenia, Croatia, Greece, Cyprus, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine (PA areas), Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco—plus EU microstates (Vatican, San Marino, Andorra, Montenegro* unilaterally).

*Montenegro & Kosovo use euro without EU agreement.

Why These Three?

• Albania, BiH: EU candidates; convergence criteria not yet met
• Kosovo: Status dispute prevents formal adoption