* The Nazi regime pursued a policy of autarky, or economic self-sufficiency, in order to reduce Germany's dependence on foreign imports and increase its military strength. This policy involved a number of measures, including:
* Tariffs and import quotas on foreign goods
* Subsidies for domestic producers
* Government investment in infrastructure and industry
* Labor conscription and forced labor
* The Nazi regime also engaged in a number of territorial annexations, including the annexation of Austria, the Sudetenland, and Czechoslovakia, in order to acquire resources and secure Germany's borders.
Italy
* Fascist Italy pursued a policy of economic nationalism and autarky similar to that of Nazi Germany. This policy included:
* Tariffs and import quotas on foreign goods
* Subsidies for domestic producers
* Government investment in infrastructure and industry
* Labor conscription and forced labor
* Fascist Italy also engaged in a number of territorial annexations, including the annexation of Ethiopia, Albania, and parts of Yugoslavia, in order to acquire resources and secure Italy's borders.
France
* The French Third Republic pursued a policy of economic nationalism that was less extreme than that of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. This policy included:
* Tariffs and import quotas on foreign goods
* Subsidies for domestic producers
* Government investment in infrastructure and industry
* The French Third Republic did not engage in any territorial annexations during the interwar period.
Great Britain
* Great Britain pursued a policy of free trade and economic liberalism during the interwar period. This policy included:
* Low tariffs and import quotas on foreign goods
* No subsidies for domestic producers
* Minimal government investment in infrastructure and industry
* Great Britain did not engage in any territorial annexations during the interwar period.
The Soviet Union
* The Soviet Union pursued a policy of economic nationalism and autarky that was even more extreme than that of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. This policy included:
* A complete ban on foreign trade
* State ownership of all means of production
* Central planning of the economy
* Labor conscription and forced labor
* The Soviet Union also engaged in a number of territorial annexations, including the annexation of parts of Poland, Finland, the Baltic States, and Bessarabia, in order to acquire resources and secure the Soviet Union's borders.
