List two important effects of the coming Normans to Ireland?

The coming of the Normans to Ireland in the 12th century had several significant effects on the island's history and society:

1. Feudal System: The Normans introduced the feudal system to Ireland, which was a hierarchical social structure based on land ownership and military service. This system shaped the political and economic organization of Ireland for centuries and led to the emergence of a powerful Anglo-Norman aristocracy.

2. English Influence: The Norman invasion brought Ireland into closer contact with England and English culture. This influence can be seen in the introduction of English language, customs, laws, and institutions, which gradually replaced or merged with existing Gaelic traditions.