Was Mexico ever a colony of another country?

Yes, Mexico was a colony of Spain for nearly three centuries, from the early 16th century until the early 19th century. The Spanish conquest of Mexico began in 1519, when Hernán Cortés landed on the coast of what is now Veracruz and quickly established an alliance with the native Tlaxcalans. By 1521, Cortés had defeated the Aztec Empire and established Mexico City as the capital of New Spain.

During the colonial period, Mexico was ruled by a viceroy who was appointed by the Spanish crown. The viceroyalty of New Spain was one of the most important and wealthy colonies in the Spanish Empire, and it produced a vast amount of silver and other minerals for Spain. However, the Spanish also imposed a strict social hierarchy on Mexico, with the Spanish at the top and the indigenous peoples at the bottom.

In the early 19th century, Mexico began to fight for independence from Spain. The Mexican War of Independence lasted for over a decade, and it resulted in Mexico gaining its independence in 1821.