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* Head of state and government: President of Colombia (currently Gustavo Petro)
* Head of government: President of Colombia
* Cabinet: Council of Ministers
Legislative branch
* Upper house: Senate of Colombia (108 members)
* Lower house: Chamber of Representatives of Colombia (172 members)
Judicial branch
* Supreme Court of Justice of Colombia
* Constitutional Court of Colombia
* Council of State of Colombia
Local government
* Colombia is divided into 32 departments, each of which is governed by a governor.
* Departments are further divided into municipalities, each of which is governed by a mayor.
Electoral system
* Colombia uses a multi-party system.
* The president is elected by popular vote for a four-year term.
* The Senate and Chamber of Representatives are elected by proportional representation for four-year terms.
* Local elections are held every four years.
Political parties
* The main political parties in Colombia are the Colombian Liberal Party, the Colombian Conservative Party, the Democratic Center Party, and the Alternative Democratic Pole.
Government finances
* Colombia's national budget for 2023 is 405.6 trillion Colombian pesos (COP).
* The main sources of government revenue are taxes, oil exports, and foreign aid.
* The main areas of government spending are education, health, and social security.
Foreign relations
* Colombia is a member of the United Nations, the Organization of American States, and the Andean Community.
* Colombia has close relations with the United States, the European Union, and China.