What two ways America gained land from Mexico?

1. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848): After the Mexican-American War, Mexico ceded to the United States around 950,000 square kilometers of land, including present-day California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and parts of Colorado and Wyoming.

2. Gadsden Purchase (1853): The United States purchased a further 77,700 square kilometers of land from Mexico for $10 million. This land, located in present-day southern Arizona and New Mexico, was desired by the U.S. to construct a transcontinental railroad.