- Agriculture: The Central Plateau is Mexico's primary agricultural region. Because of the region's favorable environment and fertile soils, a wide variety of crops can be produced. The main crops are maize, beans, wheat, and various fruits and vegetables. The region is also known for its production of flowers, especially roses and orchids.
- Livestock: Livestock raising is another vital economic activity in the Central Plateau. Cattle, pigs, and sheep are the primary animals raised in the region. The production of dairy products, such as milk, cheese, and yogurt, is also important in the Central Plateau.
- Mining: The Central Plateau is rich in mineral resources, with gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc being the most important ones. The region's mining industry is a significant contributor to the Mexican economy.
- Manufacturing: The Central Plateau is also a major center for manufacturing. The region's manufacturing sector produces various goods, including automobiles, textiles, electronics, and processed foods.
- Tourism: The Central Plateau is home to numerous cultural and historical sites, making it a popular destination for tourists. The region's main tourist destinations include Mexico City, the ancient city of Teotihuacan, and the colonial cities of Puebla and Guanajuato.
Additionally, the Central Plateau region has a relatively well-developed infrastructure, with good transportation and communication networks. This has facilitated trade and economic growth and created opportunities for various industries to thrive in the region.